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Noun-Modifying Clauses

Relative clauses with no relative pronoun

A clause modifies a noun directly

No relative pronoun; the clause precedes the noun.

💬 Examples
제가 읽은 책
jega ilgeun chaek
the book (that) I read
📝 Clause + noun, no 'that'
어제 본 영화
eoje bon yeonghwa
the movie (I) saw yesterday
📝 Past-modifying form + noun
The modifying ending shows tense

present -는, past -(으)ㄴ, future -(으)ㄹ.

📊 Noun-modifying forms (가다)
Tense Ending Example
present (verb) -는 가는 사람
past -(으)ㄴ 간 사람
future -(으)ㄹ 갈 사람
adjective (present) -(으)ㄴ 좋은 사람
💬 Examples
가는 사람
ganeun saram
the person who is going
📝 -는 = present (verbs)
갈 사람
gal saram
the person who will go
📝 -ㄹ = future / prospective
Adjectives use -(으)ㄴ in the present

Different from verbs.

💬 Examples
맛있는 음식
masinneun eumsik
delicious food
📝 맛있다 uses -는 (있다-type)
작은 가방
jageun gabang
a small bag
📝 작다 → 작은 (adjective present)