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Intermediate

Compound Verbs

Noun/adjective + a light verb

Many verbs = noun/adjective + a light verb

کردن (do), شدن (become), زدن (hit), دادن (give).

📊 Light verbs
Light verb Meaning Example
کردن kardan do کار کردن (work)
شدن shodan become باز شدن (open)
زدن zadan hit حرف زدن (speak)
دادن dādan give گوش دادن (listen)
💬 Examples
کار کردن
kār kardan
to work
📝 noun (کار) + کردن
صحبت کردن
sohbat kardan
to talk
📝 Compound verb
کردن (transitive) vs شدن (intransitive)

The same noun pairs with both.

💬 Examples
باز کردن / باز شدن
bāz kardan / bāz shodan
to open / to be opened
📝 کردن (do) vs شدن (become)
تمام کردن / تمام شدن
tamām kardan / tamām shodan
to finish / to be finished
📝 Transitive vs intransitive pair
This is the most productive verb pattern

Most new and borrowed verbs use it.

💬 Examples
تلفن کردن
telefon kardan
to phone
📝 Loanword + کردن
استفاده کردن
estefāde kardan
to use
📝 Compound verb