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Word Order & Particles

SOV order and useful particles

The default order is Subject–Object–Verb

Adverbs and modifiers are fairly flexible.

💬 Examples
من کتاب را خواندم.
man ketāb rā xāndam.
I read the book.
📝 S-O-V
دیروز به مدرسه رفتم.
diruz be madrese raftam.
Yesterday I went to school.
📝 Time / place before the verb
هم = 'also / too'

Placed after the relevant word.

📊 Useful particles
Particle Meaning Example
هم ham also, too من هم
دیگر digar anymore / else دیگر نه
فقط faqat only فقط تو
حتی hattā even حتی او
💬 Examples
من هم می‌آیم.
man ham miāyam.
I'm coming too.
📝 هم = also
این هم خوب است.
in ham xub ast.
This is good too.
📝 هم after the topic
Politeness softeners are common

لطفاً (please), ممکن است (could you).

💬 Examples
لطفاً بنشینید.
lotfan beneshinid.
Please sit down.
📝 لطفاً = please
ممکن است کمک کنید؟
momken ast komak konid?
Could you help (me)?
📝 Polite request (ممکن است + subjunctive)