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Se Clauses (Conditionals)

Three types of condition

Real (future): se + future subjunctive

Likely conditions.

📊 Conditional sentences
Type Se-clause Result
real (future) futuro do conjuntivo present or future
hypothetical imperfeito do conjuntivo conditional
past unreal pluperfect subjunctive conditional perfect
💬 Examples
Se chover, fico em casa.
If it rains, I'll stay home.
📝 se + future subj. (chover) → present
Se tiver tempo, vou.
If I have time, I'll go.
📝 Real condition
Hypothetical: se + imperfect subjunctive, conditional

'If ... would'.

💬 Examples
Se eu tivesse dinheiro, compraria.
If I had money, I would buy it.
📝 imperfect subjunctive → conditional
Se fosse você, não iria.
If I were you, I wouldn't go.
📝 fosse + conditional
Past unreal: se + pluperfect subj., conditional perfect

Contrary to a past fact.

💬 Examples
Se eu tivesse sabido, teria vindo.
If I had known, I would have come.
📝 tivesse sabido → teria vindo
Se tivesse estudado, teria passado.
If I had studied, I would have passed.
📝 Past unreal condition