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Relative Pronouns

que, quien, cuyo, lo que

que = 'that/which/who' (most common)

For people and things.

📊 Relative pronouns
Pronoun Use Example
que that / which / who que habla
quien who (after prep.) con quien
cuyo whose cuyo nombre
lo que 'what / which' lo que dices
💬 Examples
el hombre que habla
the man who is speaking
📝 que = subject
el libro que leí
the book that I read
📝 que = object
quien after a preposition (people)

'whom'.

💬 Examples
la persona con quien hablé
the person I spoke with
📝 con quien = with whom
el amigo de quien hablo
the friend I'm talking about
📝 de quien = of/about whom
lo que = 'what'; cuyo = 'whose'

lo que = the thing that.

💬 Examples
No entiendo lo que dices.
I don't understand what you're saying.
📝 lo que = what (the thing that)
el autor cuyo libro leí
the author whose book I read
📝 cuyo agrees with 'libro'