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Aspect Markers & Advanced Structures

Aspect particles
你说下去！
Keep talking!
Nǐ shuō xià qù!
Aspectual 下去 (xiàqù) = continue V-ing
把这个记下来。
Write this down.
Bǎ zhège jì xià lái.
Aspectual 下来 (xiàlái) = record/settle
她想出了一个好办法。
She thought of a good solution.
Tā xiǎng chū yī gè hǎo bànfǎ.
Aspectual 出来 (chūlái) = emerge result
我想起来了。
I remembered. (it came back to me)
Wǒ xiǎng qǐ lái le.
Aspectual 起来 (qǐlái) = recalled/commenced
他跑不出去。
He can't run out.
Tā pǎo bu chū qù.
Potential complement with direction
开开心心地 / 清清楚楚地
cheerfully / clearly
kāikāixīnxīn de / qīngqīngchǔchǔ de
AABB reduplication of adjectives
首先…其次…最后
first…secondly…finally
shǒuxiān…qícì…zuìhòu
Formal discourse connectives for sequence
正是这个原因。
It is precisely this reason.
Zhèngshì zhège yuányīn.
Emphasis with 正是 (zhèngshì) = precisely
他把所有的材料整理好放到文件架上。
He tidied all the materials and placed them on the file rack.
Tā bǎ suǒyǒu cáiliào zhěnglǐ hǎo fàng dào wénjiànjià shàng.
Complex 把 construction with multiple complements
她竟然一次就通过了。
She surprisingly passed on the first try.
Tā jìngrán yī cì jiù tōngguò le.
Combining focus adverb 就 with 竟然