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Pronouns & Basic Sentence Structure
Personal pronouns, nominal sentences (no 'to be'), and basic word order
אני, אתה, את, הוא, היא
I, you(m), you(f), he, she
ani, ata, at, hu, hi
Singular pronouns; 'you' is gendered
אנחנו, אתם, אתן, הם, הן
we, you(m pl), you(f pl), they(m), they(f)
anachnu, atem, aten, hem, hen
Plural pronouns; gendered in 2nd and 3rd person
משפט שמני — אין פועל 'להיות'
nominal sentence — no verb 'to be'
ani student
Present tense has no 'is/am/are': אני סטודנט = I (am a) student
אני מורה / היא מורה
I am a teacher / she is a teacher
ani more / hi mora
Profession nouns agree in gender with the subject
זה / זאת / אלה
this(m) / this(f) / these
ze / zot / ele
Demonstratives agree in gender and number
מה זה? — זה ספר
What is this? — This is a book
ma ze? — ze sefer
Basic identification question and answer
מי זה? — זה דוד
Who is this? — This is David
mi ze? — ze David
מי = who; זה = this/it is
יש — there is / have
yesh — there is / there are
yesh
יש לי = I have (lit. there is to me)
אין — there isn't / don't have
ein — there isn't / don't have
ein
אין לי = I don't have (negative of יש)
סדר מילים: נושא-נשוא-מושא
word order: subject-verb-object
S-V-O
Basic Hebrew word order is SVO, fairly flexible