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Nouns, Gender & Number

Masculine/feminine nouns, oblique forms, number and basic noun structure
पुल्लिंग और स्त्रीलिंग
masculine and feminine
pulling aur striling
Every Hindi noun is masculine or feminine
लड़का (m) / लड़की (f)
boy / girl
laṛkaa / laṛkii
Many masculine nouns end -aa, feminine -ii
किताब (f) / मकान (m)
book / house
kitaab / makaan
Gender isn't always predictable — learn with the noun
लड़का → लड़के (plural)
boy → boys
laṛkaa → laṛke
Masculine -aa nouns change to -e in plural
लड़की → लड़कियाँ
girl → girls
laṛkii → laṛkiyaan
Feminine -ii nouns add -yaan in plural
किताब → किताबें
book → books
kitaab → kitaaben
Feminine consonant-ending nouns add -en
कोई article नहीं
no articles
no articles
Hindi has no 'a/the'; किताब = a book or the book
यह / वह
this / that
yah / vah
यह = this (near); वह = that (far)
ये / वे
these / those
ye / ve
Plural demonstratives; also used for respect
संज्ञा + विशेषण
noun + adjective order
adjective before noun
Adjectives come BEFORE the noun: अच्छा लड़का