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Particles & Case Relations

に/で/へ/と/から/まで and how particles mark roles
に — time / destination / location
ni — time/destination/location
ni
7時に, 学校に行く, いすに座る
で — place of action / means
de — place of action / means
de
レストランで食べる; バスで行く
へ — direction (to)
e — direction (to)
e (written へ)
東京へ行きます = go to Tokyo
と — and / with
to — and / with
to
友達と = with a friend; AとB = A and B
から — from
kara — from
kara
9時から = from 9 o'clock; 日本から = from Japan
まで — until / to
made — until / to
made
5時まで = until 5; 駅まで = to the station
に vs で の違い
ni vs de distinction
ni / de
に = existence/destination; で = where action happens
や — and (non-exhaustive)
ya — and (incomplete list)
ya
本やノート = books and notebooks (among others)
に + あります/います
ni + arimasu/imasu (there is)
arimasu / imasu
机の上に本があります = there's a book on the desk
の (nominaliser/possessive)
no (possessive and linking)
no
私のです = it's mine; links nouns