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Negation & Questions

Negative forms, question words and the particle か
ない形の活用
conjugating the nai-form
nai-form uses
~なかった (past neg.), ~なくて (neg. te-form)
じゃありません / ではない
negative of desu/da
ja arimasen / dewa nai
Polite and plain negative of the copula
疑問詞 + か (indefinite)
question word + ka (indefinite)
nanika, dokoka
何か = something; どこか = somewhere
疑問詞 + も + 否定
question word + mo + negative
nanimo nai, dokomo
何もない = nothing; だれもいない = no one
疑問詞 + でも
question word + demo (any)
nandemo, dokodemo
何でも = anything; どこでも = anywhere
か どうか — whether or not
ka dou ka — whether or not
ka dou ka
来るかどうか = whether (he) comes or not
でしょう / だろう — probably
deshou / darou — probably
deshou / darou
雨でしょう = it will probably rain
ね / よ in questions
ne/yo in questions
ne / yo
Softening or emphasising questions
否定疑問: ~ませんか
negative questions: -masen ka
-masen ka
行きませんか = Won't you go? (invitation)
答え方: はい/いいえの注意
answering: yes/no caution
hai/iie nuance
Answering negative questions can be tricky