← Back

Past Tense, Te-form & Aspect

Past tense, the て-form, requests, progressive and connecting actions
ている の用法整理
uses of te iru organised
te iru types
Progressive, resultant state, habitual, experiential
自他動詞と ている/てある
transitivity with te iru/te aru
intransitive + te iru
ドアが開いている vs ドアが開けてある
た の用法
uses of -ta
ta beyond past
Past, perfect, discovery, request (買った人？)
ところだ — about to / just did
tokoro da — about to / just did
tokoro da
食べるところ (about to); 食べたところ (just did)
ばかりだ / 一方だ — keep -ing
bakari da / ippou da — increasingly
ippou da
悪くなる一方だ = keeps getting worse
つもり / 予定 — intention/plan
tsumori / yotei — intention/plan
tsumori / yotei
行くつもり = intend to go; 行く予定 = scheduled to go
はず — expectation
hazu — should/expected
hazu
来るはずだ = (he) is supposed to come
べき — should (obligation)
beki — should (moral)
beki
行くべきだ = ought to go
ように / ために — purpose
you ni / tame ni — purpose
you ni / tame ni
ために = in order to (volitional); ように (potential/state)
条件表現の比較
comparing conditionals
to/ba/tara/nara
Systematic comparison of the four conditionals