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Particles & Case Relations
Location/direction/instrument/companion particles and their uses
에 — location / time
e — location / time
e
학교에 있어요 (at school); 세 시에 (at 3)
에서 — place of action
eseo — place of action
eseo
학교에서 공부해요 = study at school
에 vs 에서
e vs eseo distinction
e / eseo
에 = static existence/direction; 에서 = action location
으로/로 — direction / means
euro/ro — direction / by means of
euro (after cons.) / ro (after vowel/ㄹ)
버스로 가요 = go by bus; 서울로 가요 = go to Seoul
과/와 / 하고 — and / with
gwa/wa / hago — and / with
gwa/wa / hago
친구와 가요 = go with a friend; 사과하고 배 = apple and pear
한테 / 에게 — to (person)
hante / ege — to (person)
hante (spoken) / ege (written)
친구한테 줘요 = give to a friend
한테서 / 에게서 — from (person)
hanteseo / egeseo — from (person)
hanteseo / egeseo
친구한테서 받아요 = receive from a friend
까지 — until / to
kkaji — until / to
kkaji
다섯 시까지 = until 5; 서울까지 = to Seoul
부터 — from (time/place)
buteo — from (time)
buteo
아홉 시부터 = from 9 o'clock
만 — only
man — only
man
저만 알아요 = only I know