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Pronouns & Basic Sentence Structure
Personal pronouns and simple subject-object-verb sentences
مجھے / مجھ کو
to me / for me
mujhe / mujh ko
Oblique first person + ko — short form مجھے preferred
تجھے / تم کو
to you (inf.) / you (obj.)
tujhe / tum ko
تجھے is very intimate; تم کو more common in speech
اسے / اس کو
to him/her / him/her (obj.)
use / us ko
Oblique pronoun + ko — اسے is contracted form
ہمیں / ہم کو
to us / us
hamẽ / ham ko
First person plural oblique forms
انہیں / ان کو
to them / them
unheṃ / un ko
Third person plural oblique — ان is oblique of وہ plural
آپ کو / آپ کے لیے
to you (formal) / for you
āp ko / āp ke liye
Formal pronoun stays آپ but takes oblique postpositions
فاعل + مفعول + فعل
Subject + Object + Verb word order
fā'il + maf'ūl + fi'l
Urdu is strictly SOV — verb always comes last in simple sentences
توکید: میں ہی جاؤں گا
Emphasis: I myself will go
maiṃ hī jāūṃ gā
Particle ہی adds emphasis or exclusivity to preceding word
بھی: میں بھی جاتا ہوں
Also: I also go
maiṃ bhī jātā hūṃ
Particle بھی means 'also/too' — placed after the word it modifies
ہی vs بھی contrast
Only/even vs also/too
hī vs bhī
ہی = only/exactly; بھی = also/even — important distinction