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Pronouns & Basic Sentence Structure
Personal pronouns, SOV word order, the copula, basic equational sentences
ben
I
behn
First person singular pronoun
sen
you (singular informal)
sehn
Informal singular; siz is formal/plural you
o
he / she / it
oh
Turkish has no gender distinction in third person pronoun
biz
we
beez
First person plural
siz
you (plural / formal)
seez
Both plural and polite singular; used with strangers and elders
onlar
they
ohn-lahr
Third person plural; -lar plural suffix on o
Ben öğrenciyim.
I am a student.
behn ur-ren-jee-yeem
Copula -im/-yim = am; attaches to predicate noun
O doktor.
He/She is a doctor.
oh dok-tor
Third person singular has zero copula in present tense
SOV word order
Subject-Object-Verb is standard Turkish order
varies
Verb comes last: Ben çay içiyorum = I tea am-drinking
Türk müsünüz?
Are you Turkish?
tewrk mew-sew-newz
Question particle mi/mı/mu/mü follows the predicate