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Negation & Questions

Negation with -me/-ma, question particle mi/mu/mu/mu, question words
Negative suffix position in complex verbs
negation with ability, necessity, tense
varies
Gidemiyorum (can't go now) vs. gitmek istemiyorum (don't want to go)
Negative ability: -eme/-ama
cannot/was unable to
varies
Gidemiyorum = I can't go; gelemedi = he couldn't come
Negative necessity: -memeli/-mamalı
should not / must not
varies
Gitmemelisin = You should not go; yememeli = should not eat
Negative past evidential: -mamış/-memiş
apparently did not
varies
Gelmemiş = He apparently did not come (I infer from evidence)
Scope of negation in Turkish
negation scope with quantifiers
varies
Hiç kimse gelmedi = Nobody came; negation takes wide scope
Question word + negation interactions
negative questions with question words
varies
Neden gelmiyorsun? = Why aren't you coming? (neutral curiosity)
Emphatic negation with hiç
absolutely not / not at all
heech
Hiç gitmedim = I absolutely never went; hiç adds strong negation
Negation in reported speech
negative content in embedded clauses
varies
Gelmeyeceğini söyledi = He said he wouldn't come; -me in embedded verb
Contrastive negation: değil...ama/fakat
not X but Y
varies
Güzel değil ama ilginç = Not beautiful but interesting
Rhetorical negation for affirmation
negative form used to assert strongly
varies
Güzel değil mi? = Isn't it beautiful? (asserts that it IS beautiful)