Numbers, Time & Dates

Turkish number system: compounds

building complex numbers

varies

İki bin üç yüz kırk beş = 2345; systematic concatenation

Fractions: yarım, çeyrek, üçte bir

half, quarter, one-third

yah-ruhm, chey-rek, ewch-teh beer

Yarım saat = half an hour; çeyrek = quarter; üçte bir = one third

Telling time: complex expressions

minutes past and to with half

varies

Saat dörde çeyrek var = quarter to four; beşi çeyrek geçiyor = quarter past five

Approximation: -lar/-ler with numbers

around / approximately

varies

Otuzlar = around thirty; kırklı yıllarda = in the forties (decade)

Distributive numbers: -şar/-şer

X each / X at a time

-(sh)ahr/-(sh)ehr

İkişer ikişer = two by two; birer birer = one by one

Date expressions in formal writing

ordinal + month + year

varies

15 Nisan 2024 = 15th of April 2024; on beşinci Nisan iki bin yirmi dört

Temporal postpositions: önce, sonra, boyunca

before, after, throughout

urn-jeh, sohn-rah, boh-yoon-jah

Yemekten önce (before dinner); toplantı boyunca (throughout the meeting)

Duration with ablative: saatlerdir

for hours (how long something has been going on)

sah-aht-lehr-deer

Saatlerdir bekliyorum = I have been waiting for hours; -dir for duration

Relative time: geçen, gelecek, bu

last, next, this (with time expressions)

geh-chen, geh-leh-jek, boo

Geçen hafta (last week); gelecek ay (next month); bu yıl (this year)

Temporal clauses with -ınca/-ince

when / as soon as a time event

varies

Vakit gelince = when the time comes; gece olunca = when it becomes night