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Alphabet & Pronunciation
The Arabic alphabet, its sounds and pronunciation, from letters to full reading.
الـ
the
al
The definite article, attached to the front of the noun
الشَّمْس
the sun
ash-shams
'Sun letters' assimilate the l of al
القَمَر
the moon
al-qamar
'Moon letters' keep the l of al pronounced
ـً ـٍ ـٌ
tanwin: an in un
an in un
Nunation marks an indefinite noun
كِتَابٌ
a book
kitaabun
Tanwin damma marks an indefinite noun
الشَّدّة
shadda
ash-shadda
The doubling mark for a stressed, doubled consonant
مُدَرِّس
teacher
mudarris
The shadda doubles the r
السُّكُون
sukun
as-sukoon
Mark showing a consonant carries no vowel
الهَمْزَة
hamza
al-hamza
The glottal stop, written on alif, waw or ya
أَكَلَ
he ate
akala
Hamza on alif at the start of a word