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Alphabet & Pronunciation

The Arabic alphabet, its sounds and pronunciation, from letters to full reading.
تَاء مَرْبُوطَة
tied ta
ta marbuta
ة marks most feminine nouns; sounds like t or h
مَدْرَسَةٌ
a school
madrasatun
The ta marbuta is pronounced t before a case ending
أَلِف مَقْصُورَة
shortened alif
alif maqsura
ى at a word's end sounds like 'aa'
عَلَى
on
'alaa
Written with the alif maqsura
هَمْزَة الوَصْل
connecting hamza
hamzat al-wasl
Dropped in connected speech
هَمْزَة القَطْع
disjunctive hamza
hamzat al-qat'
A stable hamza, always pronounced
مُحَمَّدٌ
Muhammad
muhammadun
Full vowelling of a common name
الرَّحْمَن
the Merciful
ar-rahmaan
Sun-letter assimilation with a long vowel
تَنْوِين الفَتْح
tanwin fatha
tanwin al-fath
Often written with an added silent alif
كِتَابًا
a book (object)
kitaaban
Accusative indefinite, written with alif