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Nouns, Gender & Definiteness

Nouns, gender, number, definiteness and the idafa possessive construction.
كِتَابُ الوَلَدِ
the boy's book
kitaabu al-waladi
The idafa shows possession
بَابُ البَيْتِ
the door of the house
baabu al-bayti
The first noun never takes al
سَيَّارَةُ المُدِيرِ
the manager's car
sayyaaratu al-mudiiri
Possessed noun then possessor
كِتَابُ طَالِبٍ
a student's book
kitaabu taalibin
An indefinite possessor keeps its tanwin
مِفْتَاحُ البَيْتِ
the key of the house
miftaahu al-bayti
A two-noun construct
اِبْنُ الرَّجُلِ
the man's son
ibnu ar-rajuli
A construct chain
مَدِينَةٌ كَبِيرَةٌ
a big city
madiinatun kabiiratun
The adjective follows and agrees
المَدِينَةُ الكَبِيرَةُ
the big city
al-madiinatu al-kabiiratu
Both noun and adjective take al when definite
غُرْفَةُ النَّوْمِ
the bedroom
ghurfatu an-nawmi
An idafa with a compound meaning
أَهْلُ البَيْتِ
the household
ahlu al-bayti
An idafa expressing belonging