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Prepositions, Conjunctions & Complex Sentences
Prepositions governing accusative/genitive, conjunctions and subordinate clause structure
Οι περισσότερες προθέσεις παίρνουν αιτιατική
Most Greek prepositions take the accusative
unlike German's varied cases
A major structural simplification compared to German
Συναίρεση σε+άρθρο: στον/στην/στο
σε + article contraction
seh ton→ston, seh teen→steen, seh to→sto
The preposition σε fuses with the following accusative article
Προθέσεις με γενική: εναντίον, εξαιτίας, λόγω, μεταξύ
Genitive prepositions
eh-nan-TEE-on, eh-kseh-TEE-ahs, LOH-ghoh, meh-tah-KSEE
against, because of, due to, between
πριν (από), μετά (από)
before, after (time/place)
preen (ah-POH), meh-TAH (ah-POH)
Both can be used with or without από
πάνω σε, κάτω από, μέσα σε, έξω από
on top of, under, inside, outside
PAH-noh seh, KAH-toh ah-POH, MEH-sah seh, EH-ksoh ah-POH
Compound prepositional phrases
επειδή, αφού, μόλις, ενώ
because, since/after, as soon as, while
eh-pee-DHEE, ah-FOO, MOH-lees, eh-NOH
Common subordinating conjunctions
να vs ότι/πως
na-clauses vs that-clauses
desire/purpose vs factual
να for wishes/purpose; ότι/πως for reporting facts
Ελεύθερη σειρά λέξεων σε δευτερεύουσες
Flexible word order in subordinate clauses
-
Unlike German, the verb doesn't move to clause-final position
Αναφορική πρόταση με που
Relative clause with που
o AHN-tras poo EER-theh
ο άντρας που ήρθε = the man who came
αν
if (conditional clauses)
an
Introduces a basic conditional sentence