← Back

Numbers, Time & Dates

Cardinal and ordinal numbers, classifiers with numbers, telling time and dates
Kata penggolong dengan angka: opsional vs formal
Classifiers with numbers: optional casually, more common formally
-
Register strongly affects whether a classifier is included
se- vs satu: bentuk terikat vs bebas
se- vs satu: bound vs free forms of "one"
-
Context determines which form of "one" is grammatically required
sekitar, kira-kira, kurang lebih
approximately, roughly, about
-
Common ways to soften an exact number into an estimate
yang lalu, kemudian, dalam
ago, then, within (time expressions)
-
Core time-relation words used with durations and sequences
selama + durasi
for a duration (selama + time-length)
-
selama dua jam = for two hours
Kalender Hijriah bersanding dengan Masehi
The Islamic (Hijri) calendar alongside the Gregorian calendar
-
Both calendars are actively used in Indonesian cultural and religious life
Bilangan tingkat di atas sepuluh dengan ke-
Ordinal numbers beyond ten formed regularly with ke-
-
kedua puluh satu = twenty-first
dwi-, tri-, catur-
Sanskrit-derived numeral prefixes (formal)
-
dwiwarna (two colors), triwulan (quarter/trimester) — formal compounds
Ungkapan uang dan pengukuran
Money and measurement expressions with numbers/classifiers
-
Currency and units combine with numbers much like counted nouns
Kalender tradisional dan daerah
Traditional and regional calendar systems
e.g. the Javanese calendar
Local calendrical traditions persist alongside the national standard