Adjectives & Adverbs

Tính từ = một loại động từ trạng thái

Adjectives are technically stative verbs (tính từ)

Grammatically they pattern with verbs, not with nouns

không đẹp

not beautiful (negating an adjective)

khong dep

Negated exactly like a regular verb

đẹp đẹp

reduplicated adjective for softening/intensifying

dep dep

Doubling can soften or slightly intensify the quality

bằng

as...as (equal comparison)

bung

đẹp bằng = as beautiful as

Trạng từ chỉ cách thức thường đứng sau động từ

Adverbs of manner often follow the verb

Manner adverbs typically come after, not before, the verb

rất vs quá

"very" (neutral) vs "too/extremely" (strong)

quá carries a stronger, sometimes exclamatory, tone

lắm

very (sentence-final, colloquial)

lam

đẹp lắm = very beautiful, said with emphasis at the end

luôn luôn, thường xuyên, thỉnh thoảng

always, frequently, sometimes

Common adverbs of frequency

hôm nay, ngày mai, hôm qua

today, tomorrow, yesterday

Common adverbs/time words placed at the start or end of a sentence

Tính từ đặt sau danh từ

Adjectives placed after the noun

Unlike English, the modified noun comes first