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Pronouns & Basic Sentence Structure
Personal pronouns, strict verb-second (V2) word order and basic questions
jag, du, han/hon/den/det
I, you, he/she/it (common/neuter it)
yah, doo, han/hoon/den/deh
Two words for "it" depending on the noun's gender
vi, ni, de
we, you (pl.), they
vee, nee, dohm
Plural personal pronouns
är
to be — no conjugation by person!
air
jag är, du är, han är — all identical
har
to have — no conjugation by person!
hahr
jag har, du har — all identical
Grundordning: Subjekt + Verb + Objekt
Basic word order: Subject + Verb + Object
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The default sentence order
V2-regeln
The V2 rule: the verb is always in second position
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A defining feature of Swedish (and Germanic) syntax
Idag läser jag.
Today I read. (adverb first, verb still second)
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Fronting an adverb pushes the subject after the verb
Det här är... / Det där är...
This is.../That is...
deh hair air / deh dair air
Basic introducer phrases
Är du...?
Are you...? (inversion for yes/no questions)
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The verb moves before the subject to form a question
Vad heter du?
What's your name?
vahd HEH-ter doo
Literally "what are you called"