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Prepositions, Conjunctions & Complex Sentences

Prepositions, conjunctions, the BIFF word-order rule and subordinate clause structure
Prepositioner styr inget kasus
Prepositions govern no case (unlike German)
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Just a fixed word choice, with no ending changes to worry about
i vs på
nuanced usage differences
i rummet vs på bordet
in the room vs on the table — usage isn't always predictable
framför, bakom, ovanför, under
compound prepositions
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in front of, behind, above, under
före, efter
before, after (time)
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Core temporal prepositions
eftersom, när, fastän
subordinating conjunctions
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because, when, although
fastän...men
although...(but)
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Swedish sometimes keeps "men" even after "fastän"
bahwa-liknande: att utan tempusskifte
reported speech with att, no tense-mood shift needed
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The verb's tense/mood generally stays as originally spoken
BIFF-regeln i bisatser
the BIFF rule: subordinate clause word order (inte before verb)
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A core structural rule for any subordinate clause
som
relative clause marker (that/which/who)
som
Introduces a clause describing a preceding noun
Mannen som kom
the man who came
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som links the relative clause back to "mannen"