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Beginner

Personal Pronouns

ja, ty, on ... and the two 'they'

Subject pronouns

ja, ty, on/ona/ono, my, wy, oni/one.

📊 Subject pronouns
Person Singular Plural
1st ja my
2nd ty wy
3rd m on oni
3rd f ona one
3rd n ono one
💬 Examples
ja / ty / on
I / you / he
📝 ty = informal singular you
my / wy / oni
we / you (pl) / they
📝 oni (men/mixed) vs one (rest)
Two words for 'they': oni vs one

oni for groups including a man; one otherwise.

💬 Examples
Oni są tutaj.
They are here. (men/mixed)
📝 oni = male / mixed group
One są tutaj.
They are here. (women/things)
📝 one = women / non-male
Formal 'you': pan / pani

Use pan (sir) / pani (madam) + a 3rd-person verb.

💬 Examples
Czy pan mówi po polsku?
Do you speak Polish? (formal, to a man)
📝 pan + 3rd-person verb
Co pani robi?
What are you doing? (formal, to a woman)
📝 pani = formal you (f)