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Adjectives & Agreement

Gender, number and case

Adjectives agree in gender, number, case

Endings -y/-i (m), -a (f), -e (n).

📊 Adjective endings (nominative, nowy)
Gender Singular Plural
masculine nowy nowe / nowi (personal)
feminine nowa nowe
neuter nowe nowe
💬 Examples
nowy samochód
a new car (m)
📝 Masculine -y
nowa książka / nowe okno
a new book (f) / a new window (n)
📝 Feminine -a, neuter -e
Adjectives usually precede the noun

As in English.

💬 Examples
duży dom
a big house
📝 Adjective before the noun
piękna pogoda
beautiful weather
📝 Adjective + noun
Adjectives also decline through the cases

They take case endings too (covered later).

💬 Examples
Widzę nowy samochód.
I see a new car.
📝 Accusative (= nominative, inanimate m)
Nie mam nowego samochodu.
I don't have a new car.
📝 Genitive: nowego samochodu