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Causatives

pa- verbs

pa- makes a causative ('have/make someone do')

pa- + root.

📊 Causative pa-
Affix Sense Example
magpa- cause to do (actor focus) magpaluto
ipa- cause / have done (object) ipaluto
pa-...-in make someone do patulugin (make sleep)
💬 Examples
Magpaluto ka ng pagkain.
Have (someone) cook food.
📝 magpa- = cause to cook (actor focus)
Ipinaluto ko ang isda.
I had the fish cooked.
📝 ipa- causative (object focus)
The causer and the doer are distinct

One person makes another act.

💬 Examples
Pinakain niya ang bata.
He/She fed the child (had it eat).
📝 pa- causative: caused the child to eat
Patulugin mo ang bata.
Put the child to sleep.
📝 pa-...-in = make (someone) sleep
pa- also forms requests / permissives

'let me / please do'.

💬 Examples
Padaan po.
Let me through, please.
📝 pa- = let / allow (request)
Pahingi ng tubig.
May I have some water.
📝 pa- request ('let me get')