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Complex Conditional Structures

Analyse mixed conditionals double conditionals and the full range of si clause patterns in sophisticated French.
Review: three main si clause patterns — present/future (real) imparfait/conditional (hypothetical) PQP/past conditional (unreal past).
The three si clause patterns in French.
Si clauses
Si tu travailles tu réussiras / Si tu travaillais tu réussirais / Si tu avais travaillé tu aurais réussi
Mixed conditionals mix tenses: si + PQP in the condition but present conditional in the result (past cause / present consequence).
Mixed conditional: past cause + present result.
Si j'avais étudié je parlerais mieux français = If I had studied I would speak better French now
The reverse mixed conditional: si + imparfait condition but past conditional result (present/ongoing cause + past imagined result).
Reverse mixed: present cause + past imagined result.
Si j'étais plus courageux j'aurais dit la vérité = If I were braver I would have told the truth
Au cas où (in case) takes the conditional not the indicative or subjunctive.
Au cas où + conditional (not subjunctive or indicative).
Prends un parapluie au cas où il pleuvrait = Take an umbrella in case it rains
Même si (even if / even though) can introduce a real or hypothetical condition and follows the normal si tense rules.
Même si = even if (follows normal si tense rules).
Même s'il pleut j'irai / Même s'il pleuvait j'irais
Sinon (otherwise / if not) and sans quoi (otherwise) introduce the negative consequence of a condition.
Sinon / sans quoi = otherwise (negative consequence).
Pars maintenant sinon tu seras en retard = Leave now otherwise you'll be late
The conditional can appear without a si clause when a past condition is implied from context.
Conditional without si when condition is implied.
À ta place je ne le ferais pas = In your place I wouldn't do it
Inversion in conditional clauses (literary): the si is dropped and the verb inverts with the subject: fût-il eût-il.
Literary inversion replaces si in conditional clauses.
Fût-il riche il ne serait pas heureux = Even if he were rich he would not be happy
Quand même / tout de même mean even so / all the same and add nuance to conditional or concessive statements.
Quand même / tout de même = even so / all the same.
C'est difficile quand même je vais essayer
The double conditional (conditionnel dans les deux propositions) is used in journalism to express an unverified claim.
Double conditional = unverified/alleged information.
Le président aurait décidé de démissionner = The president is said to have decided to resign