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Turkish
Advanced 44 lessons⚙️ Turkish Alphabet & Pronunciation
The Latin-based Turkish alphabet, special letters, vowel sounds, and pronunciation rules
📖 Quantities and Statistics
Words for measurement and data.
💬 Formal and Professional Communication
Phrases for formal emails and meetings.
📝 Talking About Yourself
Nuanced self-description with clauses.
📝 Common Questions
Indirect and embedded questions.
💬 Negotiation and Persuasion
Phrases for bargaining and convincing.
📖 Politics and International Affairs
Words for politics and diplomacy.
⚙️ Nouns, Articles & Gender
Turkish nouns, lack of grammatical gender, definiteness via accusative case, noun suffixes
⚙️ Pronouns & Basic Sentence Structure
Personal pronouns, SOV word order, the copula, basic equational sentences
📖 Law and Justice
Words for courts and the legal system.
💬 Diplomacy and Nuance
Phrases for tactful and careful speech.
📝 Daily Routines
Routines with subordinate clauses.
📝 Likes and Dislikes
Refined taste with reasons.
💬 Abstract Discussion and Argument
Phrases for reasoning and debate.
📖 Science and Research
Words for science and inquiry.
⚙️ Verbs & Present Tense Conjugation
Verb infinitives, present continuous and aorist tenses, personal endings, vowel harmony
⚙️ Adjectives & Adverbs
Adjective placement, comparison, adverb formation, degree words
📖 Philosophy and Ethics
Words for abstract and moral thought.
💬 Job Interviews and Career
Phrases for interviews and job hunting.
📝 Past Experiences
Narrative past with relative clauses.
📝 Future Plans
Formal future and intentions.
💬 Presentations and Public Speaking
Phrases for presenting to an audience.
📖 Economics and Finance
Advanced economic vocabulary.
⚙️ Negation & Questions
Negation with -me/-ma, question particle mi/mu/mu/mu, question words
⚙️ Numbers, Time & Dates
Cardinal and ordinal numbers, telling time, days, months, and date expressions
📖 Literature and Rhetoric
Words for literary craft and analysis.
💬 Disagreeing Tactfully
Phrases for polite disagreement.
📝 Comparisons
Sophisticated comparisons.
📝 Conditionals
Counterfactual and unreal past.
💬 Speculation and Hypotheticals
Phrases for guessing and supposing.
📖 Medicine and Health
Advanced medical vocabulary.
⚙️ Cases: The Six-Case System
Nominative, accusative, dative, locative, ablative, genitive cases and their uses
⚙️ Past Tense & Evidential System
Definite past -di, evidential/reported past -mis, future tense, aspect and tense overview
📖 Environment and Climate
Words for climate and sustainability.
💬 Emphasis and Clarification
Phrases for stressing and clarifying points.
📝 Giving Reasons
Complex causation and consequence.
📝 Hopes and Wishes
Refined hopes and counterfactual wishes.
💬 Idiomatic Expressions
Common Turkish idioms for natural speech.
📖 Psychology and the Mind
Words for the mind and behavior.
⚙️ Complex Sentences & Advanced Grammar
Postpositions, relative clauses with participles, subordinate clauses, formal registers
📖 Business and Management
Words for leading and running organizations.
📖 Technology and Innovation
Words for modern technology.
📖 Proverbs and Idioms
Common Turkish proverbs and their meanings.
📖 Formal and Academic Connectors
Linking words for formal writing and speech.